When to plant arugula in Sioux Falls, South Dakota

August 23 – September 6

Fall planting · typical Sioux Falls year

Climate basis: NOAA station Sioux Falls, SD (USW00014944), 2 mi (3 km) from downtown Sioux Falls (ZCTA 57104 centroid), elevation 1430 ft, on the 1991–2020 climate normals. Plant arugula for fall from approximately the dates above, anchored to the median first fall 32°F freeze (October 6). One year in ten still freezes after May 14.

Last spring freezeMay 11-in-10 after May 14
First fall freezeOctober 61-in-10 before Sep 23
Frost-free season157 daysmedian at 32°F
Hard freeze, 28°Apr 22Oct 17kills even hardy greens
USDA zone5a-20 to -15°F winter low not frost timing

The Sioux Falls year

Fall plantingAug 23 – Sep 6
  • indoors under lights
  • in the garden
  • frost-free season
  • 1-in-10 years still freeze to May 14
Arugula in Sioux Falls · freeze context from Sioux Falls, SD, 1991–2020 normals.

Every method, with its sources

Fall planting

Aug 23 – Sep 6

Cornell Garden-Based Learning caps successive arugula sowings at "about a month before your average first frost date", so the fall sowing window is the 14 days ending at that cutoff (first fall frost minus 44 to minus 30 days); Wisconsin Horticulture agrees arugula tolerates frost but gives no numeric offset. Anchored to the median first fall freeze (Oct 6). Cornell University Garden-Based Learning (Cornell Cooperative Extension)

Start seeds indoors

Not calculated

The cited extension guides do not time an indoor seed-starting window for this crop.

Transplant outdoors

Not calculated

The cited extension guides do not time an outdoor transplanting window for this crop.

Direct-sow outdoors

Not calculated

Cornell times spring arugula only by soil condition — "Plant as soon as soil can be worked in spring." — which is not an offset from a freeze date, so no spring window is computed here. The window above is the last succession sowing before the first fall freeze.

Variety assumption: No spring window is published: every extension page fetched gives only soil-workability language ("as soon as soil can be worked") or the unquantified "several weeks before the last frost", neither of which yields an honest numeric offset, so only the frost-anchored fall cutoff is encoded.

These windows describe typical years (1991–2020 climate normals), not this year's forecast. Freezes happen outside them — especially in frost pockets, valleys, and urban edges. Watch the forecast before committing tender plants.

This week, not a typical year:
Crop rule sources (1)

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