When to plant basil in Sacramento, California

January 26 – February 11

Transplant outdoors · typical Sacramento year

Climate basis: NOAA station Sacramento 5 Ese, CA (USW00023271), 5 mi (7 km) from downtown Sacramento (ZCTA 95814 centroid), elevation 38 ft, on the 1991–2020 climate normals. Transplant basil outdoors from approximately the dates above, anchored to the median last spring 32°F freeze (January 12). One year in ten still freezes after February 8.

Last spring freezeJanuary 121-in-10 after Feb 8
First fall freezeDecember 161-in-10 before Nov 28
Frost-free season341 daysmedian at 32°F
USDA zone9b25 to 30°F winter low not frost timing

The Sacramento year

Start seeds indoorsDec 8 – Dec 15
Transplant outdoorsJan 26 – Feb 11
Direct-sow outdoorsFeb 11 – Feb 25
  • indoors under lights
  • in the garden
  • frost-free season
  • 1-in-10 years still freeze to Feb 8
Basil in Sacramento · freeze context from Sacramento 5 Ese, CA, 1991–2020 normals.

Every method, with its sources

Start seeds indoors

Dec 8 – Dec 15

Iowa State: start seeds indoors 4 or 5 weeks before the last frost date. Anchored to the median last spring freeze (Jan 12). Iowa State University Extension and Outreach

Transplant outdoors

Jan 26 – Feb 11

UNH: set out 2 weeks after the last frost; Oklahoma State: plant one month after the last spring frost; Iowa State: after all danger of frost. The window spans the UNH and Oklahoma State recommendations. Anchored to the median last spring freeze (Jan 12). University of New Hampshire Extension · Oklahoma State University Extension · Iowa State University Extension and Outreach

Direct-sow outdoors

Feb 11 – Feb 25

Oklahoma State Table 1 times basil planting one month after the last spring frost; Iowa State adds direct sowing once nights stay above 50°F. Point rule given a 14-day span. Anchored to the median last spring freeze (Jan 12). Oklahoma State University Extension · Iowa State University Extension and Outreach

Variety assumption: Leaves are harvestable about 30–40 days after transplanting.

These windows describe typical years (1991–2020 climate normals), not this year's forecast. Freezes happen outside them — especially in frost pockets, valleys, and urban edges. Watch the forecast before committing tender plants.

This week, not a typical year:
Crop rule sources (3)

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