When to plant basil in Minneapolis, Minnesota

May 7 – May 23

Transplant outdoors · typical Minneapolis year

Climate basis: NOAA station Lower St Anthony Falls, MN (USC00214884), 1 mi (2 km) from downtown Minneapolis (ZCTA 55401 centroid), elevation 754 ft, on the 1991–2020 climate normals. Transplant basil outdoors from approximately the dates above, anchored to the median last spring 32°F freeze (April 23). One year in ten still freezes after May 7.

Last spring freezeApril 231-in-10 after May 7
First fall freezeOctober 161-in-10 before Oct 2
Frost-free season175 daysmedian at 32°F
Hard freeze, 28°Apr 14Oct 27kills even hardy greens
USDA zone5a-20 to -15°F winter low not frost timing

The Minneapolis year

Start seeds indoorsMar 19 – Mar 26
Transplant outdoorsMay 7 – May 23
Direct-sow outdoorsMay 23 – Jun 6
  • indoors under lights
  • in the garden
  • frost-free season
  • 1-in-10 years still freeze to May 7
Basil in Minneapolis · freeze context from Lower St Anthony Falls, MN, 1991–2020 normals.

Every method, with its sources

Start seeds indoors

Mar 19 – Mar 26

Iowa State: start seeds indoors 4 or 5 weeks before the last frost date. Anchored to the median last spring freeze (Apr 23). Iowa State University Extension and Outreach

Transplant outdoors

May 7 – May 23

UNH: set out 2 weeks after the last frost; Oklahoma State: plant one month after the last spring frost; Iowa State: after all danger of frost. The window spans the UNH and Oklahoma State recommendations. Anchored to the median last spring freeze (Apr 23). University of New Hampshire Extension · Oklahoma State University Extension · Iowa State University Extension and Outreach

Direct-sow outdoors

May 23 – Jun 6

Oklahoma State Table 1 times basil planting one month after the last spring frost; Iowa State adds direct sowing once nights stay above 50°F. Point rule given a 14-day span. Anchored to the median last spring freeze (Apr 23). Oklahoma State University Extension · Iowa State University Extension and Outreach

Variety assumption: Leaves are harvestable about 30–40 days after transplanting.

These windows describe typical years (1991–2020 climate normals), not this year's forecast. Freezes happen outside them — especially in frost pockets, valleys, and urban edges. Watch the forecast before committing tender plants.

This week, not a typical year:
Crop rule sources (3)

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