When to plant basil in Fargo, North Dakota

May 24 – June 9

Transplant outdoors · typical Fargo year

Climate basis: NOAA station Fargo Hector INTL AP, ND (USW00014914), 1 mi (2 km) from downtown Fargo (ZCTA 58102 centroid), elevation 900 ft, on the 1991–2020 climate normals. Transplant basil outdoors from approximately the dates above, anchored to the median last spring 32°F freeze (May 10). One year in ten still freezes after May 23.

Last spring freezeMay 101-in-10 after May 23
First fall freezeSeptember 301-in-10 before Sep 18
Frost-free season143 daysmedian at 32°F
Hard freeze, 28°Apr 30Oct 10kills even hardy greens
USDA zone4a-30 to -25°F winter low not frost timing

The Fargo year

Start seeds indoorsApr 5 – Apr 12
Transplant outdoorsMay 24 – Jun 9
Direct-sow outdoorsJun 9 – Jun 23
  • indoors under lights
  • in the garden
  • frost-free season
  • 1-in-10 years still freeze to May 23
Basil in Fargo · freeze context from Fargo Hector INTL AP, ND, 1991–2020 normals.

Every method, with its sources

Start seeds indoors

Apr 5 – Apr 12

Iowa State: start seeds indoors 4 or 5 weeks before the last frost date. Anchored to the median last spring freeze (May 10). Iowa State University Extension and Outreach

Transplant outdoors

May 24 – Jun 9

UNH: set out 2 weeks after the last frost; Oklahoma State: plant one month after the last spring frost; Iowa State: after all danger of frost. The window spans the UNH and Oklahoma State recommendations. Anchored to the median last spring freeze (May 10). University of New Hampshire Extension · Oklahoma State University Extension · Iowa State University Extension and Outreach

Direct-sow outdoors

Jun 9 – Jun 23

Oklahoma State Table 1 times basil planting one month after the last spring frost; Iowa State adds direct sowing once nights stay above 50°F. Point rule given a 14-day span. Anchored to the median last spring freeze (May 10). Oklahoma State University Extension · Iowa State University Extension and Outreach

Variety assumption: Leaves are harvestable about 30–40 days after transplanting.

These windows describe typical years (1991–2020 climate normals), not this year's forecast. Freezes happen outside them — especially in frost pockets, valleys, and urban edges. Watch the forecast before committing tender plants.

This week, not a typical year:
Crop rule sources (3)

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