When to plant winter squash in Cleveland, Ohio

April 22 – May 6

Transplant outdoors · typical Cleveland year

Climate basis: NOAA station Cleveland Burke AP, OH (USW00004853), 2 mi (4 km) from downtown Cleveland (ZCTA 44113 centroid), elevation 584 ft, on the 1991–2020 climate normals. Transplant winter squash outdoors from approximately the dates above, anchored to the median last spring 32°F freeze (April 8). One year in ten still freezes after April 20.

Last spring freezeApril 81-in-10 after Apr 20
First fall freezeNovember 121-in-10 before Nov 1
Frost-free season217 daysmedian at 32°F
Hard freeze, 28°Apr 1Nov 22kills even hardy greens
USDA zone7a0 to 5°F winter low not frost timing

The Cleveland year

Start seeds indoorsMar 25 – Apr 1
Transplant outdoorsApr 22 – May 6
Direct-sow outdoorsApr 22 – May 6
  • indoors under lights
  • in the garden
  • frost-free season
  • 1-in-10 years still freeze to Apr 20
Winter squash in Cleveland · freeze context from Cleveland Burke AP, OH, 1991–2020 normals.

Every method, with its sources

Start seeds indoors

Mar 25 – Apr 1

Sow in pots 3–4 weeks before the outdoor window opens (UNH 3–4 weeks; Missouri G6570 3–5 weeks). Anchored to the median last spring freeze (Apr 8). University of New Hampshire Extension · University of Missouri Extension

Transplant outdoors

Apr 22 – May 6

UNH: set out 2 weeks after last frost; Purdue very-tender class agrees. Anchored to the median last spring freeze (Apr 8). University of New Hampshire Extension · Purdue University Extension

Direct-sow outdoors

Apr 22 – May 6

Purdue: very tender — at least two weeks after the average last frost; Penn State earliest sowing May 15 (+14 days) agrees. Anchored to the median last spring freeze (Apr 8). Purdue University Extension · Penn State Extension (York County Master Gardeners)

Variety assumption: Assumes an average butternut/acorn-type variety (about 90–110 days; Penn State lists 90). Fruit must mature before fall frost.

These windows describe typical years (1991–2020 climate normals), not this year's forecast. Freezes happen outside them — especially in frost pockets, valleys, and urban edges. Watch the forecast before committing tender plants.

This week, not a typical year:
Crop rule sources (4)

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