When to plant winter rye in Manchester, New Hampshire

September 11 – September 25

Fall planting · typical Manchester year

Climate basis: NOAA station Massabesic Lake, NH (USC00275211), 4 mi (6 km) from downtown Manchester (ZCTA 03101 centroid), elevation 253 ft, on the 1991–2020 climate normals. Plant winter rye for fall from approximately the dates above, anchored to the median first fall 32°F freeze (October 11). One year in ten still freezes after May 14.

Last spring freezeApril 301-in-10 after May 14
First fall freezeOctober 111-in-10 before Sep 30
Frost-free season164 daysmedian at 32°F
Hard freeze, 28°Apr 17Oct 24kills even hardy greens
USDA zone6a-10 to -5°F winter low not frost timing

The Manchester year

Fall plantingSep 11 – Sep 25
  • indoors under lights
  • in the garden
  • frost-free season
  • 1-in-10 years still freeze to May 14
Winter Rye in Manchester · freeze context from Massabesic Lake, NH, 1991–2020 normals.

Every method, with its sources

Fall planting

Sep 11 – Sep 25

UMass Extension's cover-crop fact sheet sets the general rule at about 30 days before the first expected frost date and, in the following sentence, names winter rye as a species that may go in a little closer to that date; the stated 30-day point is taken as the window opening and expanded to the standard 14-day span, with rye's tolerance for later seeding noted rather than quantified, since "a little closer" prints no number. Anchored to the median first fall freeze (Oct 11). UMass Amherst Center for Agriculture, Food, and the Environment

Start seeds indoors

Not calculated

The cited extension guides do not time an indoor seed-starting window for this crop.

Transplant outdoors

Not calculated

The cited extension guides do not time an outdoor transplanting window for this crop.

Direct-sow outdoors

Not calculated

The cited extension guides do not time direct sowing for this crop.

Variety assumption: Assumes seeding for overwintering ground cover with most growth resumed in early spring, then turned under before the next crop.

These windows describe typical years (1991–2020 climate normals), not this year's forecast. Freezes happen outside them — especially in frost pockets, valleys, and urban edges. Watch the forecast before committing tender plants.

This week, not a typical year:
Crop rule sources (1)

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