When to plant garlic in Billings, Montana

October 8 – October 15

Fall planting · typical Billings year

Climate basis: NOAA station Billings Wtp, MT (USC00240802), 13 mi (21 km) from downtown Billings (ZCTA 59101 centroid), elevation 3097 ft, on the 1991–2020 climate normals. Plant garlic cloves from approximately the dates above, anchored to the median first fall 32°F freeze (October 1). One year in ten still freezes after May 24.

Last spring freezeMay 101-in-10 after May 24
First fall freezeOctober 11-in-10 before Sep 19
Frost-free season142 daysmedian at 32°F
Hard freeze, 28°Apr 27Oct 12kills even hardy greens
USDA zone5a-20 to -15°F winter low not frost timing

The Billings year

Fall plantingOct 8 – Oct 15
  • indoors under lights
  • in the garden
  • frost-free season
  • 1-in-10 years still freeze to May 24
Garlic in Billings · freeze context from Billings Wtp, MT, 1991–2020 normals.

Every method, with its sources

Fall planting

Oct 8 – Oct 15

Minnesota: plant cloves in the fall, usually one or two weeks AFTER the first killing frost (before the ground freezes). Harvest is the following summer. Anchored to the median first fall freeze (Oct 1). University of Minnesota Extension

Start seeds indoors

Not calculated

Garlic is grown from cloves planted in fall, not from seed or spring transplants.

Transplant outdoors

Not calculated

The cited extension guides do not time an outdoor transplanting window for this crop.

Direct-sow outdoors

Not calculated

The cited extension guides do not time direct sowing for this crop.

Variety assumption: Overwinters in the ground; bulbs are harvested the following summer.

These windows describe typical years (1991–2020 climate normals), not this year's forecast. Freezes happen outside them — especially in frost pockets, valleys, and urban edges. Watch the forecast before committing tender plants.

This week, not a typical year:
Crop rule sources (1)

Keep exploring