PlantingWindowThe American Planting Almanac

When to plant borage in Rochester, New York

April 24 – May 8

Direct-sow outdoors · typical Rochester year

Climate basis: NOAA station Rochester Gtr INTL AP, NY (USW00014768), 5 mi (7 km) from downtown Rochester (ZCTA 14604 centroid), elevation 533 ft, on the 1991–2020 climate normals. Direct-sow borage from approximately the dates above, anchored to the median last spring 32°F freeze (April 24). One year in ten still freezes after May 8.

Last spring freezeApril 241-in-10 after May 8
First fall freezeOctober 251-in-10 before Oct 8
Frost-free season≈ 181 daysmedian at 32°F
Hard freeze, 28°Apr 14 – Nov 6kills even hardy greens
USDA zone6b-5 to 0°F winter low — not frost timing

The Rochester year

Start seeds indoorsMar 13 – Mar 27
Direct-sow outdoorsApr 24 – May 8
  • indoors under lights
  • in the garden
  • frost-free season
  • 1-in-10 years still freeze to May 8
Borage in Rochester · freeze context from Rochester Gtr INTL AP, NY, 1991–2020 normals.

Every method, with its sources

Start seeds indoors

Mar 13 – Mar 27

Illinois Extension permits starting borage indoors but gives no lead time, so the offset comes from Virginia Cooperative Extension's herb publication — whose annual herb table lists borage — which sows small herb seed about six weeks before the last frost date. Anchored to the median last spring freeze (Apr 24). Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech

Direct-sow outdoors

Apr 24 – May 8

Illinois Extension sows borage directly in the garden after frost is past, a point rule that opens a two-week sowing span at the last spring freeze. Anchored to the median last spring freeze (Apr 24). University of Illinois Extension · Virginia Cooperative Extension, Virginia Tech

Variety assumption: Virginia Cooperative Extension lists borage as a self-sowing annual; it resents root disturbance, so direct sowing is the usual method.

These windows describe typical years (1991–2020 climate normals), not this year's forecast. Freezes happen outside them — especially in frost pockets, valleys, and urban edges. Watch the forecast before committing tender plants.

This week, not a typical year:
Crop rule sources (2)

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